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A new drug to prevent HIV infection is showing hugely promising results in clinical trials when injected every six months.
In this episode of The Conversation Weekly podcast, we speak to South African HIV doctor and scientist Linda-Gail Bekker about her involvement in one of the trials for lenacapavir and why she thinks it could be so groundbreaking.
Thanks to advancements in prevention and treatment, global HIV infection rates have dramatically declined in recent years. But HIV still affects over 38 million people around the world.
Today, women are disproportionately affected by HIV, with young women at the highest risk. In 2022, adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa represented over 77% of new infections among people aged 15 to 24.
One of the most important medical breakthroughs in the fight against HIV has been the use of antiretroviral treatments for prevention. Called pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), this is commonly taken as a pill a day, and has been proven to reduce infection rates.
But the pill must be taken every day to be effective, which can be difficult for some people, as Linda-Gail Bekker, professor of medicine at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, explained.
Young people do talk about the rattling pills: ‘I walk out of the clinic with a bunch of pill boxes that look like antiretrovirals, and it causes a stir, or my family want to know what’s going on, or my boyfriend wants to know why don’t I trust him.’
Bekker has been involved in a phase III, randomised control trial of a new drug, called lenacpaovir, taken as an injection every six months. The Purpose I study, sponsored by the drug manufacturer Gilead Sciences, included 5,000 women aged 16 and 25 years in Uganda and South Africa, and tested lenacapavir against two other PrEP drugs taken as a pill every day, called Truvada and Descovy.
We had such a good on-time injection rate that really this population of young women were never without their antiviral protection … It was like always driving with your seat belt on, and always stopping at every stop sign.
Read more: HIV breakthrough: drug trial shows injection twice a year is 100% effective against infection
And it worked. None of the women who received lenacapavir during the randomised control part of the study contracted HIV, making it 100% efficient. This compared to 1.5% of those who took Truvada getting infected with HIV and 1.8% who took Descovy. Bekker said when she got the results she was astonished.
One has high hopes, but one does not imagine zeros, right? No infections in the lenacapavir arm literally reduced me to tears.
The results were so good that the safety monitoring board for the trial recommended unblinding it and offering everybody on the trial lenacapavir if they wanted it.
Initial results published in September by Gilead Sciences for a separate, Purpose 2 trial of men who have sex with men, transgender and non-binary people assigned male at birth showed 99% protection rates, with only two new cases of HIV among 2,180 people given lenacapavir.
While lenacapovir is approved as treatment of people with HIV, it’s not yet approved for HIV prevention by medical regulators. The drug is currently priced at around US$42,000 (£31,600) a year if used as a treatment and Gilead Sciences is under pressure to lower the price.
The company has said $42,000 will not be a reference for the price of the drug if it gets approval for HIV prevention and that it’s committed to develop a strategy that enables “broad, sustainable access globally”.
In early October, Gilead signed licensing agreements with six generic drug manufacturers to make low-cost versions of lenacapavir for 120 countries, and said it would begin filing for regulatory approval for the drug by the end of 2024.
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Listen to Linda-Gail Bekker talk more about the trial and the potential for a drug like lenacapavir on The Conversation Weekly podcast, plus an introduction from Nadine Dreyer, health and medicine editor at The Conversation Africa.
A transcript of this episode is available on Apple Podcasts.
This episode of The Conversation Weekly was written and produced by Mend Mariwany. Sound design was by Michelle Macklem, and our theme music is by Neeta Sarl. Gemma Ware is the executive producer.
You can find us on Instagram at theconversationdotcom or via email. You can also subscribe to The Conversation’s free daily email here.
Listen to The Conversation Weekly via any of the apps listed above, download it directly via our RSS feed or find out how else to listen here.
Gemma Ware, Host, The Conversation Weekly Podcast, The Conversation
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Many users use ipamorelin with other similar peptides such as sermorelin and CJC-1295 to
have synergistic benefits. In The End, the hunt for Ipamorelin ought to lead to reliable, well-established sources, guaranteeing that the peptide journey aligns with safety, high quality, and the specified fitness targets.
This delays the growing older means of a person and
makes you look younger and extra energetic with larger collagen manufacturing for glowing skin, healthier nails,
and dense hair. Ipamorelin causes faster yet simpler therapeutic from wounds and accidents
as growth hormone (GH) reaches the damaged space and
triggers the proliferation of latest cells. Ghrelin, is a naturally produced hormone, by the enteroendocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract, primarily the abdomen.
With age, your physique naturally reduces the quantity of growth hormone it produces and lots of signs of getting
older happen immediately from this lack of growth hormone.
Ipamorelin is from a different class of peptides to that of the
GHRP’s, this new peptide is a pentapeptide. It preferentially
promotes launch of growth hormone rather than other hormones similar to cortisol and prolactin.
This selectivity is certainly one of the causes so many labs purchase Ipamorelin for research, because it allows more targeted probing of the consequences of development
hormone with out most of the different influences.
You’re not only getting peptides, but also the experience on the
way to use them optimally and safely.
Whereas being one of the well-liked development hormone secretagogues, many researchers still lack readability on the side effects and security profile of CJC-1295.
With over two decades of research, the peptide nonetheless confuses
even essentially the most astute researchers from time
to time. Ipamorelin’s relationship to ghrelin, a naturally occurring hormone, suggests potential cardiovascular benefits.
One of probably the most intriguing prospects is its capability to support angiogenesis, the growth of latest blood vessels, which
can enhance circulation and tissue repair.
CJC 1295 and Ipamorelin are peptides that analysis reveals might have an effect on growth hormone levels in research fashions.
CJC 1295 was initially developed to deal with illnesses but analysis has since
looked into its anti getting older and performance enhancing advantages.
This article explains what these compounds are, how they work
in experimental settings and what research
says about their combination, particularly when looking at
CJC 1295 ipamorelin.
Peptides contribute to the skin’s elasticity, wound therapeutic,
and overall structural integrity. They are also acknowledged for his or
her potential therapeutic benefits, with studies indicating their effectiveness
in managing situations like irritation, ache, and pores and skin getting older.
If you’re stacking peptides, it’s even more important to
get the dosage proper and monitor how your physique reacts.
CJC-1295 is completely different from other HGH-stimulating
peptides or drugs because it’s synchronized in its effect
on the body when taken. This being stated, the unwanted aspect effects are
sometimes gentle and even non-existent, so there is nothing to worry about.
Customers sometimes expertise deeper, more restorative sleep, which is important for recovery and hormone production. Hexarelin additionally inhibits the release of somatostatin which is a development hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH).
Sleep-related secretion of GH appears to be primarily depending on the
release of progress hormone-releasing hormone. Whereas
these peptides provide a variety of advantages, from muscle growth to fat loss, like all potent substance, they arrive with their very own set of considerations.
Anti-Aging Northwest, located in Nolensville, TN, serves as a dedicated healthcare partner, offering tailor-made
remedy plans for CJC 1295 & Ipamorelin remedy.
These professionals can present useful insights into pain management modalities together with bodily therapy,
targeted workout routines, and presumably pharmacological interventions to mitigate discomfort.
Addressing extreme joint pain necessitates consulting a
healthcare provider for a radical evaluation of your present therapy regimen and the mixing of acceptable relaxation and recuperation methodologies.
Signs indicative of extreme allergic reactions, similar to problem
respiration or swelling, should be promptly reported to a healthcare provider.
It is imperative to acknowledge that these sensations are comparatively prevalent and sometimes transient.
One of the main causes of such sensations is the inadvertent contact of the needle with a nerve ending
during the injection course of.
We may also delve into the optimum dosage for Ipamorelin CJC 1295, including concerns for timing of injections and period of cycles.
Exploring the potential benefits of Ipamorelin reveals its positive results on growth hormone ranges,
physique composition, muscle development, weight administration, anti-aging properties, and
cognitive perform. Scientific research have proven that Ipamorelin can considerably improve progress hormone ranges, leading
to enhanced muscle growth, improved restoration occasions, and lowered physique fats.
It wasn’t until the third week that I noticed a remarkable enchancment in my sleep quality.
Notably, past studies have linked CJC-1295 to
mild unwanted effects such as injection web site ache, itching, swelling, headaches, and diarrhea, all of which are inclined
to subside following discontinuation of remedy.
Nevertheless, a handful of small-scale CJC-1295 studies
have centered on its influence on GH secretion, the consequences of cumulative doses, and the frequency of opposed events [7].
CJC-1295 is a synthetic analog of development hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and development hormone secretagogue (GHS) that was developed within the early 2000s by
Canadian biotech agency ConjuChem Technologies
[1].
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The advantages of incorporating Ipamorelin and CJC-1295
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These advantages additionally include improved recovery charges, heightened energy
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elevation of Progress Hormone (GH) ranges. CJC 1295 Ipamorelin is a supplement that helps muscle growth and promotes weight loss.
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Anavar is a popular anabolic steroid often used by bodybuilders and athletes for
its reputation as a mild agent that can help preserve lean muscle while encouraging fat loss when combined
with a caloric deficit and adequate training. Although the drug itself is not a prescription medication in most jurisdictions, it remains widely
available on the black market and is sometimes marketed under the name oxandrolone.
Because of this, users should be aware that the product can vary significantly in purity and
potency, and there are serious legal, medical, and ethical concerns associated with its
use.
When considering Anavar for fat loss, many people look to the same dosing regimens that are used by seasoned athletes who want a leaner appearance without losing muscle mass.
The typical approach involves taking the
drug for several weeks at a time, then taking a break before starting another cycle.
The goal is to maintain enough anabolic activity to keep muscle protein synthesis high while
allowing the body’s hormones to recover between cycles.
The standard dosage range for Anavar in a fat‑loss cycle is usually from 20 mg per
day up to 40 mg per day. Doses above 40 mg are rarely recommended
because they increase the risk of side effects without providing
substantial additional benefits. A common schedule
that many users follow is a 6–8 week cycle at 20–30 mg
per day, then a 4‑week break before another cycle if desired.
Below are key points to keep in mind when planning an Anavar cycle for
fat loss:
Daily Dosage
– 20 mg/day: The lowest effective dose that is still likely to
preserve muscle and aid in fat loss while keeping side
effects minimal.
– 30 mg/day: Provides a stronger anabolic stimulus, useful for those who are more experienced or have higher training loads.
– 40 mg/day: Typically reserved for advanced users; the risk of liver strain and hormonal disruption rises at this level.
Cycle Length
– 6 weeks is often enough to see measurable changes in body composition when paired
with a proper diet and resistance training program.
– Extending beyond 8 weeks can increase side‑effect risks, especially concerning
estrogenic effects and liver toxicity.
Post Cycle Therapy (PCT)
– While Anavar has a relatively mild impact on natural testosterone production compared to stronger
steroids, some users still experience temporary
suppression.
– A simple PCT protocol may involve taking a low dose of
clomiphene or tamoxifen for 2–4 weeks after the cycle ends, especially if the user
has taken doses above 30 mg/day.
Monitoring
– Liver enzymes (ALT and AST) should be checked before starting and during the
cycle to ensure there is no undue liver stress.
– Blood pressure and lipid profiles are also recommended checks for any hormonal imbalances that could
arise from steroid use.
Dietary Considerations
– A caloric deficit of 500–800 calories per day is typically enough to promote fat
loss without sacrificing muscle mass.
– Protein intake should remain high (1.2–1.6 grams per kilogram of body weight) to
support the anabolic environment created by Anavar.
—
Wegovy Dosing Guide and Schedule
Wegovy (semaglutide) is a prescription medication approved for chronic weight
management in adults with obesity or overweight conditions who
have at least one weight‑related comorbidity
such as type 2 diabetes. It works by mimicking the glucagon‑like peptide‑1 (GLP‑1) hormone, which reduces appetite and slows gastric emptying.
Initial Dose:
Start at 0.25 mg once weekly for four weeks to allow
your body to adjust to the medication.
Titration Schedule:
Weeks 5–8: Increase to 0.5 mg once weekly.
Weeks 9–12: Raise to 1 mg once weekly.
Weeks 13–16: Move up to 1.7 mg once weekly.
Weeks 17 and onward: Maintain at 2.4 mg once weekly, which is the maximum recommended dose for
long‑term therapy.
Administration:
Wegovy is delivered via a prefilled pen that injects subcutaneously in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm.
The injection site
should be rotated each week to minimize local irritation.
Monitoring and Follow‑Up:
Patients are typically seen every 4–8 weeks during
dose escalation to monitor weight loss progress and assess for side effects such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, or hypoglycemia in diabetic
patients.
Routine laboratory tests may include fasting glucose, HbA1c (for diabetics), lipid panel, liver function tests,
and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels.
Wegovy Dosage
The approved dosage of Wegovy is 2.4 mg once weekly after the titration period described above.
This dose has been shown to produce an average weight loss of about 15% over a year in clinical trials involving
adults with obesity or overweight status and comorbidities.
For non‑diabetic patients:
– Weight loss is primarily achieved through appetite suppression, leading to lower caloric intake.
– No significant risk of hypoglycemia unless the patient also uses insulin or
sulfonylureas.
For diabetic patients (type 2):
– The same 2.4 mg dose can reduce HbA1c by an average of 0.5–1.5%, making it a dual benefit for
weight and glucose control.
– Patients should monitor blood sugar levels closely, especially during the first few weeks after starting or increasing the dose.
—
Health Conditions
When evaluating whether to use Anavar, Wegovy, or both, it is essential to consider
underlying health conditions that may be affected by these substances.
Anavar (Oxandrolone):
Liver Disease: Even at low doses, oxandrolone can impose additional load on hepatic enzymes.
Patients with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis should
avoid the drug entirely.
Cardiovascular Health: Anavar may influence lipid profiles; it is prudent
to obtain baseline cholesterol levels before starting and monitor them periodically.
Hormonal Disorders: Men with pre‑existing low testosterone, women who are pregnant
or breastfeeding, and individuals with endocrine disorders
should not use oxandrolone without medical supervision.
Wegovy (Semaglutide):
Pancreatitis History: GLP‑1 agonists have been associated in rare cases with
pancreatitis. Individuals with a history of acute pancreatitis should be evaluated by their
physician before starting Wegovy.
Thyroid C‑Cell Tumors: Although no human data confirm
increased risk, the drug’s mechanism involves stimulating c‑cell proliferation, so patients
with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma
are advised to undergo a baseline calcitonin test and periodic surveillance.
Diabetes Management: While Wegovy can lower blood glucose,
it may interact with other hypoglycemic agents; dose adjustments of insulin or sulfonylureas might
be required.
Pregnancy & Lactation: Both substances are contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to potential fetal or infant exposure.
In summary, Anavar can assist in preserving muscle while losing fat when dosed
appropriately, but it carries significant medical risks that must be monitored closely.
Wegovy offers a clinically validated pathway for sustained weight loss with an established dosing schedule, yet it too requires
careful patient selection and ongoing health monitoring.
Consulting with healthcare professionals before initiating either regimen is
strongly recommended to ensure safety and efficacy.
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